A.P.C. Mahalaxmi College For Women Department of Zoology

SEMESTER V PAPER 5.1 ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY (4 Hrs./Week)  Objective Carving an integrated approach to chemistry-related to the functional significance of the various organs and organ systems of animals.   UNIT I v Introduction – Animal physiology and Biochemistry v Carbohydrates – Classification – Structure and functions of glucose, fructose, sucrose and glycogen v Proteins – Classification – Structure and the function of albumin and glycoproteins v General structure of amino acids – essential, non-essential amino acids. v Lipids – Classification – Structure and functions of lecithin, Cephalin, glycol lipids and cholesterol  v Prostaglandins – Introduction – Structure – Classification – Functions. UNIT II v Enzymes – Classification – Nomenclature and Properties – Mechanism of enzyme action. v Digestion – Role of enzymes in carbohydrate, protein and fat digestion in man absorption of digested food materials in man. v Metabolism – Carbohydrates – Glycogenesis –

SEMESTER VI PAPER 6.1 APPLIED BIOTECHNOLOGY (5 Hrs/week) Unit – I Environmental Biotechnology: Water pollution: Biotechnological methods for Sewage and Waste water treatment - Primary treatment - Secondary treatment ( Anaerobic digestion process and anaerobic filter) - Tertiary treatment (Ion exchange method) Bioremediation : Definition -types, Microbial degradation of selected Xenobiotics (Hydrocarbon, Pesticides). Role of genetically engineered micro organisms in bioremediation (Plasmid transfer, Super bug). Biomining, Bioleaching and Biofuels : An overview of the role of microbial technology and biominng, bioleachng and biofuel. Unit –II Agricultural Biotechnology: Basic technology for plant tissue culture (Callus and Explants culture) Production and application of single cell protein Protoplast Fusion : Somatic hybridization and micropropagation techniques and their applications. Genetic manipulation of 'nif' gene and 'nod' gene of nitrogen fixatio

SEMESTER VI IMMUNOLOGY UNIT I History and Scope of Immunology. Immunity-Type of Immunity - Innate & acquired, passive & active. Lymphoid organs –primary & secondary ( Thymus, Bone marrow, Bursa of Fabricius, Spleen, Tonsil, Lymph node, Peyer‟s patches) – Structure and Functions. (15L) UNIT II Immunoglobulin-Structure, Function, Biological properties of Ig classes. Interaction of antigen and antibody. Salient features of antigen-antibody reaction. Types of antigen-antibody reaction – Agglutination, Precipitation, Opsonization, Cytolysis. (15L) UNIT III Immune response-Lymphocyte as a unit of the immune system, stem cells - Structure and lineage, T cells, B cells & Macrophages. Humoral immune response - primary & secondary responses - B cell activation. Cell-Mediated immune response - Type of T cells & functions. Tumour immunology. (15L) UNIT-IV Introduction: History & Scope of microbiology. General structure of microbes (bacteria, virus).