SYLLABUS FOR ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER V PAPER 5.1

ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY (4 Hrs./Week)

 Objective Carving an integrated approach to chemistry-related to the functional significance of the various organs and organ systems of animals.

 UNIT I v Introduction – Animal physiology and Biochemistry v Carbohydrates – Classification – Structure and functions of glucose, fructose, sucrose and glycogen v Proteins – Classification – Structure and the function of albumin and glycoproteins v General structure of amino acids – essential, non-essential amino acids. v Lipids – Classification – Structure and functions of lecithin, Cephalin, glycol lipids and cholesterol v Prostaglandins – Introduction – Structure – Classification – Functions.

UNIT II v Enzymes – Classification – Nomenclature and Properties – Mechanism of enzyme action. v Digestion – Role of enzymes in carbohydrate, protein and fat digestion in man absorption of digested food materials in man. v Metabolism – Carbohydrates – Glycogenesis – Kreb‘s cycle – Electron transport system. v Proteins – Deamination – Transamination – Urea cycle v Lipids – B-oxidation.

 UNIT III v Respiration – respiratory pigments – Distribution – Composition – Properties – Functions – Transport and exchange of oxygen and carbon-di-oxide – Anaerobiosis – Respiratory Quotient. v Circulation – Origin and conduction of heartbeat – Cardiac rhythm, cardiac cycle – ECG – Blood pressure – Heart diseases. v Excretion – Kinds of excretory products – Nephron – Mechanism of urine formation in man – Composition of urine – Dialysis – Nephritis – Blood urea.

UNIT IV v Muscle physiology – Ultrastructure of skeletal muscle – Properties – Mechanism of muscle contraction – Tetanus – Muscle fatigue. v Nerve physiology – Structure and types of neuron. v Nerve impulse – Definition – Conduction of nerve impulse through nerve – Saltatory conduction – Synapse – Synaptic transmission of impulses – Neurotransmitters – Neuromuscular junction.

UNIT V v Endocrine system – Pituitary, thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal Islets of Langerhans – Testis Ovary. v menstrual cycle – The role of Hormones – Menopause – Pregnancy – Lactation. v Bioluminescence – Definitions – Types – Chemistry – Adaptive significance. 

PRACTICALS

1. Rate of Oxygen consumption in a fish.2. effect of temperature on the opercular movent of fish – Calculation of Q10.

3. Qualitative test for carbohydrate (glucose), protein and lipid

4. Demonstration of blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer.

5. Estimation of haemoglobin – demonstration only.

6. The action of salivary amylase in relation to enzyme concentration.

7. The action of salivary amylase in relation to temperature.

8. Counting of different kinds of blood cells using haemocytometer – demonstration only.

9. Slides, models and charts – Glucose, Fructose, Glycogen, Sucrose, Aminoacid, Cholesterol, Intestinal Villi, Haemoglobin, ECG, Sphygmomanometer, Haemometer, Haemocytometer, Kymograph, Cardiac Muscle, Striated and Non- Striated Muscle, Simple Muscle Twitch.

Reference Books

1. Agarwal, R.A, A.K. Srivastava and Kaushal Kumar. Animal Physiology and Biochemistry (3rd Edition). S. Chand & Company Limited, New Delhi.

 2. Arora, M.P. Animal Physiology (6th Edition) Himalaya Publishing House, Ramdoot, Dr Bhalerao Marg, Girgaon, Mumbai.

 3. Berry, A. K. A Text-Book of Animal Physiology with related Biochemistry (6th Edition). EMKAY Publications, Post Box No. 9410. B – 19 East Krishna Nayar, Swami Dayanad Marg, Delhi.

 4. Das, A.K. Medical Physiology, Vol. I and Vol. II. Books and Allied (P) Limited, No. 1 E/2 Shubam Plaza (1st Floor), 83/1 Beliaghata Main Road, Kolkata.

 5. Goyal, K.A. and K.V. Sastry, Animal Physiology, 6th Revised Edition, Rastogi Publication, Gangotri, Shivaji Road, Meerut.6. Hill. Animal Physiology, ANE Books India, Anantika Niwas, 19 Doraiswamy Road, T. Nagar, Chennai.

 7. Juneja, Kavita, Animal Physiology. Anmol Publications Private Limited, 4374/4B Ansari Road, Daryaganj. New Delhi.

 8. Nagabhushanam, R . M.S. Kodarkar and R. Sarojini. Text Book of Animal Physiology 2nd Edition. Oxford & IBH Publishing Company Private Limited, S – 155, Panchshila Park, New Delhi.

 9. Nigam, H.C. Animal Physiology. Vishal Publishing Company, Books Market Old Railway Road, Jalandhar.

10. Prosser, L. and A. Brown Comparative Animal Physiology. Saunders & Co. Philadelphia.

11. William, S. Hoar, General and Comparative Physiology. Prentice-Hall of India, M – 97 Connaught Circus, New Delhi.

 Reference Books: Bio-Chemistry

 1. Agarwal, G.R. Kiran Agarwal and O.P. Agerwal, Text Book of Biochemistry (Physiological Chemistry), Krishna Prakashan Media (P) Limite, 11 Shivaji Road, Meerut.

 2. Berry, A.K. A Text Book of Biochemistry. EMKAY Publications, Post Box No. 9410, B – 19 East Krishna Nagar, Swamy Dayanand Marg, Delhi.

3. Deb, A.C. Concepts of Biochemistry (Theory + Practical). Books and Allied (P) Limited, No1 – E/1, SHUBHAM PLAZA (1st Floor) 83/1, Kolkata.

 4. Deb A.C. Fundamentals of Biochemistry. New Central Book Agency (P) Limited, 8/1, Chintamani Das Lane, Kolkata.

5. Jain, J.L, Sanjay Jain and Nitin Jain, Fundamentals of Biochemistry (6th Edition). S, Chand & Company Limited, 7361 Ram Nagar, New Delhi.

6. Jeyaraman, K. Laboratory Manual in Biochemistry, New Age International Publishers, 4835/24 Ansari Road, Darya Ganj, New Delhi.

7. Power and Chatwal. Biochemistry. Himalaya Publishing House, Ramdoot, Dr Bhalerao Marg, Giragaon, Mumbai.

8. Rastogi, S.C. Biochemistry. Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishing Company Limited, No.444/1 Sri Embark Naicker Industrial Estate, Alapakkam, Porur, Chennai.

9. Satyanarayana, U. Biochemistry. Books and Allied (P) Limited, No1 –E/1, SHUBHAM PLAZA (1st Floor) 83/1, Kolkata.